This study aimed to study the feasibility, efficacy and safety of using laryngeal mask (LM) ventilation compared with endotracheal intubation (ETI) during neonatal resuscitation. Neonates with a heart rate below 60 beats per minute despite 30?s of face mask ventilation were assigned quasi-randomly (odd/even birth date) to LM (n?=?36) or ETI (n?=?32) ventilation. Differences in first attempt insertion success, insertion time, Apgar score, resuscitation outcome, and adverse effects were compared. There were no significant differences in first attempt at successful insertion (LM, 94.4?% vs. ETI, 90.6?%), insertion time (LM, 7.58?±?1.16?s vs. ETI, 7.89?±?1.52?s), Apgar score at 1 and 5?min, response time, ventilation time, successful resuscitation (LM, 86.1?% vs. ETI,? 96.9?%), and adverse events (LM, n =3 vs. ETI, n =4) between groups. Laryngeal mask ventilation is an effective alternative to endotracheal intubation during resuscitation of depressed newborns who do not respond to face-mask ventilation. During an emergency, laryngeal mask ventilation may be a preferred technique for medical staff who are unable to acquire or maintain endotracheal intubation skills. Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR-IOQ-15006488. Registered on 2 June 2015.
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