Faunistical overview of the European species of the genera Brachyopa Meigen, 1822 and Hammerschmidtia Schummel, 1834 (Diptera, Syrphidae

摘要

The European fauna of the genera Brachyopa Meigen, 1822 and Hammerschmidtia Schummel, 1834 is reviewed. The distribution and phenology based on extensive literature and database research are provided. The biology of adults as well as larval habitats are treated. An illustrated key is presented for easy identification of the adults, including three species known from adjacent Mediterranean countries. A key to the larvae, based on the available literature, is also provided. The data originate from a study of available literature, from several databases and from the private collections of the authors. The data are compiled into one large dataset in which all the available information is gathered together with the source of the data. Based on the biology and trend analysis for each species it is indicated whether they show stable, fluctuating or extremely fluctuating populations. The habitat preferences of the adults and larvae are used to discuss possible threats to each of the species for future survival. Finally, the main habitat of all species is discussed from a conservation point of view.