A facile non-solvent induced phase separation process for preparation of highly porous polybenzimidazole separator for lithium metal battery application

摘要

The drawbacks of low porosity, inferior electrolyte wettability, low thermal dimensional stability and permissive lithium dendrite growth of the conventional microporous polyolefin-based separators hinder their widely application in the high power density and safe Lithium ion batteries. Herein, highly porous polybenzimidazole-based separator is prepared by a facile non-solvent induced phase separation process (NIPS) using water, ethanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate as the coagulation bath solvent, respectively. It was found that the ethanol is suitable to fabricate uniform morphology macroporous separator with the porosity of 92%, electrolyte uptake of 594 wt.%, and strong mechanical strength of 15.9?MPa. In addition, the experimental tests (electrochemical analysis and XPS test) and density functional theory calculation suggest that the electron-rich imidazole ring of polybenzimidazle can enhance Lisup+/sup mobility electrostatic attraction interaction while the block the PFsub6/subsup-/sup mobility via electrostatic repulsion interaction. Therefore, high Lisup+/sup transference number of 0.76 was obtained for the neat polybenzimidazole-based polymer electrolyte. As a proof of concept, the Li/LiFePOsub4/sub cell with the polybenzimidazole-based polymer electrolyte/1.0?M LiPFsub6/subsup-/sup ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate (v:v?=?1:1) electrolyte exhibits excellent rate capability of 100?mAh gsup-1/sup at 6?C (1?C?=?170?mA?gsup-1/sup) and superior cycle stability of 1000 cycles.