Mustard ( Sinapis) in five-field tilled grain-fallow crop rotations in Southern Russia

摘要

The aim of the research was to study the cultivation of Sarepta mustard in the first and white mustard in the second rotation of the crop rotation. The experiments show the yield, its dependence on the timing of sowing mustard, the amount of productive moisture, weediness of crops in the links of crop rotations with mustard and mustard as a precursor. The main tillage in fallow is ploughing, whereas shallow and surface loosening are used for all other crops, including mustard. Mineral fertilizers for mustard were applied in autumn with a dose of N60P60 for the main tillage. An analysis of the yield by crop rotation with the title field of fallow and clean fallow showed that the average yield of mustard was 1.25 and 1.14 t/ha, respectively. It follows from this that, in the crop rotation with pure fallow, there was a tendency to increase the yield by 0.1 to 0.5 t/ha in comparison with the crop rotation where the fallow is occupied, but these increases are mathematically unprovable. The reserves of productive moisture for sowing mustard in crop rotations with the header field of clean and occupied fallow were the same both in the arable and meter horizons.