Euro Biotechnology 2018 BACTEC MGIT 960 system and classic Lowenstein-Jensen culture in the diagnosis and drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from pulmonary specimens, at the Pasteur Institute of Algeria- Ferhat Djoudi- AlgeriaPasteur Institute of Algeria

摘要

Tuberculosis is a very old infectious disease. The etiologicalagent of this pathology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, wasdiscovered in the 19th century by Robert Koch. The tuberclebacilli infected the first hominids and co-evolved with theme.This infection usually begins with inhalation of contaminateddroplets emitted by ill individuals, with a very low minimuminfective dose, ranging from 1 to 10 bacilli. According to theWorld Health Organization (WHO), nearly one-third of theworld’s population is infected with tubercle bacilli. In 2015,87% of new cases occurred in 30 countries with high TBburden. Six countries accounted for 60% of new cases: India,Indonesia, China, Nigeria, Pakistan and South Africa. Theincidence of this disease has declined by an average of 1.5%per year since 2000 and the evolution of its diagnosis andtreatment saved 49 million lives between 2000 and 2015.Control of the disease begins with the identification of M.tuberculosis and the development of detection tools, includingX-rays and tuberculin test.