A Systematical Model to Search for the Main Factors Controlling the Spatial Distribution of Artificial Oasis and Inartificial Oasis in the Arid Area

摘要

The distribution and the affecting factors of the artificial oasis and inartificial oasis have become a serious and widespread problem in arid lands. Understanding its controlling factors is vital for environmental governance, improvement, and optimization. The study aimed to identify the crucial factors affecting the distribution of artificial oasis and inartificial oasis in arid land through the NDTG (the union of deep learning method, the modified a three-band maximal gradient method, Geodetector method) Model. Environmental factors include meteorological factors, chemical compositions, salinities, groundwater depth and time-series of Landsat images. The results show that Salinity factor was the dominant factor which explained 32.95% of the spatial variation of the artificial oasis distribution. Nonlinear enhancements were observed for the interactions between salt content and Evaporation (q = 0.93), salt content and Precipitation (q = 0.78). It indicated that Meteorological factors, and Salinity were the main factors determining the spatial pattern of the artificial oasis distribution. Salt, precipitation, evaporation, Mg, Cl, Na explained 37%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 20% of the spatial pattern of the inartificial oasis in arid lands, respectively. The results indicated that salinity, meteorological factors and chemical composition were the main factors determining the spatial distribution of inartificial oasis in arid lands. Moreover, the NDTG Model provided evidence to explore the factors controlling spatial patterns of the distribution of artificial oasis and inartificial oasis in arid lands.