Predicted real solubility (– log x2) and the level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLBRequ.) of phytochemicals contained in extracts isolated from linden inflorescence (Tiliae flos) with solvents of diversified polarity (εM)

摘要

Summary Introduction : The broad spectrum of pharmacological properties of linden inflorescence extracts results from polarity and the level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of solvents (medium) used to separate compatible phytochemical structures with the expected pharmacotherapeutic profile. Objective: The use of the general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility to calculate the predicted solubility of classes of phytochemicals contained in linden inflorescences ( Tiliae flos ) and the indication of those structures which, due to their high solubility in the medium, are responsible for the profile of pharmacological activity. Material and methods: The Hildebrand, Scatchard equation, supported with computational technique proposed by Fedors, allows calculation of the solubility parameters of the extraction medium. Despite application reservations, it is a fundamental tool for estimating the predictable solubility of phytochemicals in real solution. Results: The structure of phytochemicals isolated from linden inflorescences ( Tiliae flos ) owing to the use of solvents of significantly diversified polarity (–dielectric constant – εsubM/sub) was the basis for calculating the molar evaporation energy – ΣΔEsubi/sub (cal/mol) and molar volume – ΣΔVsubi/sub (cmsup3/sup/mol) by Fedors method, which are fundamental quantities necessary to estimate the solubility parameter – δsup1/2/sup and required solubility level of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance – HLBsubRequ/sub. Conclusions: Results of the presented research indicate that basing on the parameters characterizing the structure of phytochemicals and the calculated ideal (–logxsupi/supsub2/sub) and predicted real (– log xsub2/sub) solubility, it is possible – using the general Hildebrand-Scatchard-Fedors theory of solubility – to choose selectively the cascade of extraction media in order to distinguish in the plant material chemical and structural individuals of different polarity.