Euro Green Chemistry 2018-Electricity Generation from Septic Waste Water using Septic Tank as Microbial Fuel Cell-Ihesinachi Kalagbor-Ken Saro Wiwa Polytechnic

摘要

The excessive usage of energy to a great extent allover the world has contributed significantly to energy crisis,especially from the environmental perspective. All over theworld depends up on energy from coal and fossil fuels whichcauses environmental pollution due to addition of harmful gasesin the air. This situation may cause global warming, acid rain,climate change, emission of harmful gases, and otherenvironmental problems. The high demand of fuel andrenewable energy sources which are eco-friendly has ledresearchers into developing renewable energy as another energysources. Apart from the environmental concern and energycrisis, there is increased interest to find out sustainable andclean source for electricity generation with minutehydrocarbons. In recent times, a lot of renewable energysources have aroused those are solar energy, hydroelectricenergy and bio-electrochemical energy sources. Bio-electrochemical energy sources consist of an emerging anotherenergy sources which make use of microbes for the generationof electricity. The basis of renewable energy explores theinteraction between microbes, wastewater and electronacceptor. Mainly described type of bio-electrochemical sourceof energy is the Microbial Fuel Cells. MFCs are devices candirectly convert chemical energy into electrical energy viaelectrochemical reactions involving biochemical pathways andbiological enzymatic catalysts. Researchers had utilizedwastewater and biodegradable organic rich materials such as anaerobically digested distillery wastewater, sewage water,artificial waste water, domestic waste water and biowaste inMicrobial Fuel Cells to generate electricity. The wastewatergenerated in homes is channeled into septic tanks and itcontains biomass which may be subjugated to generateelectricity. The microorganisms oxidize the substrates in theanodic chamber produce electrons and protons as well asSustainable Energy carbon (IV) oxide as the oxidation product.At the cathode, water is produced. In MFCs micro-organismsact as electrons transporter to anodes. The transport of theelectrons is due to electron shuttle present in a soluble form infull volume solution in the extracellular matrix. Thisextracellular matrix form a bio-film in the anode.The aim of theresearch is to produce electricity by using the septic wastewater from the female hostel by using the microbial fuel celltechnology.