Evaluación de la germinación, desarrollo y multiplicación in vitro de Moringa oleifera Lam en diferentes medios de cultivos / In vitro evaluation of germination, development and multiplication of Moringa oleifera Lam in different culture media / Avalia??o in vitro da germina??o, desenvolvimento e multiplica??o de Moringa oleifera Lam em diferentes meios de cultura

摘要

A study was carried out in order to evaluate the germination, development and multiplication of Moringa oleifera Lam in vitro on different culture media, using seeds collected in an arid ecosystem. Murashige and Skoog (MS), Murashige and Skoog culture media and Gamborg (MSG), Water-Agar (0.8 %) and wet medium were evaluated in a completely randomized design with five replications. Variables related to germination, seedling development and its subsequent multiplication process were evaluated under in vitro conditions. The wet culture medium significantly outperformed (P≤0.05) the rest of the media in accumulated germination (100 %) and physiological indicators associated with germination. The weight of the seed was the one that most contributed to the germination process. There was a low (P≥0.05) percentage of contamination for all treatments. Likewise, in the growth and development of seedlings, the MS, Water-Agar and Wet media, stimulated (P≤0.01) the production of leaves (7.08 ± 1.2; 6.62 ± 0.7; 5.50 ± 0.9, in order) compared to the MSG (4.8 ± 2.2), however, the latter stimulated more (P≤0.01) number of shoots (0.20 ± 0.5) than the media, wet and Water-Agar and developed seedlings with longer roots (76.92 ± 17.6 mm) than the MS (P≤0.05). For the multiplication, only the MS and MSG media with the addition of 4.44 μL.mL -1 of 6-BA allowed the production of explants, the MSG provided the highest (P≤0.01) value with 31.54 % of explants. MS and MSG media are not necessary in seed germination under in vitro conditions, but essential in the growth process, development, multiplication of apical shoots.