Biochemical screening of crude extract and its derived fractions obtained from Calligonum polygonoieds and Typha latifolia

摘要

The extracts and its derived fractions from two important medicinal plants species Calligonum polygonoieds and Typha latifolia were tested for microbicidy against two bacteria and two fungal pathogens and preliminary phytochemical evaluation. The crude extract and fractions from C. polygonoieds plant were found to be most potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa as compared to Escherichia coli. The ethyl acetate and n -butanol fractions showed moderate inhibition zones of 8 mm against P . aeurginosa followed by crude extract, n -hexane and chloroform fractions each giving 7 mm zone of inhibitions. The crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction of C. polygonoieds revealed 8 mm inhibition against E. coli followed by chloroform fraction with 7 mm zone of inhibition. In case of T. latifolia plant crude extract and aqueous fractions were found to be the most effective against Pseudomonas and E. coli giving inhibitions zone of 10 and 11 mm respectively. Chloroform fraction of the plant showed 8 mm while other fractions showed 7 mm zone of inhibition . Both the selected plants were found equally potential against the tested fungi. n -butanol fraction of C. polygonoieds gave 10 mm zone of inhibition against F. oxysporum, followed by crude extract of ethyl acetate showing 8 mm. The n -hexane and chloroform fractions showed 11 mm of inhibition against A. alternata. n - hexane fraction and crude extract from T. latifolia gave 11 mm inhibition against F. oxysporem and A. alternata . The selected plant extracts were analyzed for the presence of different bioactive chemical groups. In preliminary phytochemical screening alkaloid, phenol and saponins were found in both plants. After the result and screening of the selected research plants it is concluded that both plants are potentially active and showed good antimicrobial activity and presence of important phytochemicals.