Genetic studies for improving seed yield and quality traits including carotenoids, chlorophyll and protein contents in pea ( Pisum sativum L.)

摘要

Among pulses, pea crop has gained a great interest as a protein source, which is essential for human nutrition and for animal feed. It contains carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins, especially vitamin B complex. In Pakistan, pea production is low as compared to other countries which can be attributed to lack of high yielding genotypes, besides other factors. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of pea crop for enhanced yield and quality. For this purpose eight accessions namely 19605, 20202, 26710, 20300, 19716, 20126, 26701 and 20153 were (selected from 99 accessions) crossed in half diallel fashion. Parents, F 1 and F 2 population were field planted and data were collected for yield and quality related traits i.e. carotenoids, chlorophyll and protein contents. Significant genotypic differences were observed for all the traits. Specific combining ability variance was found higher as compared to general combining ability variance in both F 1 and F 2 generations, which indicated the importance of non additive type of gene action in the inheritance of these traits. Accession 20126 was found good general combiner for seed yield per plant and carotenoids contents in F 1 generation, while accession 20153 was observed as good general combiner for seed yield per plant in F 2 generation. Accession 26710 was recorded as a good general combiner for total proteins in F 1 generation, while accession 20126 was found good general combiner for total proteins in F 2 generation. Cross combination 20202×26710 was good specific combination for seed yield per plant in F 1 generation while cross combination 19605×20202 was found best combination for seed yield per plant in F 2 generation due to maximum significant positive specific combining ability effects. Cross combination 20300×20153 was found best combination for total proteins in F 1 generation while in F 2 generation 19605×19716 was best cross combination for total proteins. In conclusion, the tested parental genotypes possessed favorable genes for most of the studied traits that can be utilized in breeding programs to improve garden pea.