Efeitos da cobertura do solo com filme de polietileno azul no consumo de água da cultura da alface cultivada em estufa

摘要

The covering of the soil is an agricultural practice that intends to control the harmful herbs, to reduce the losses of water by evaporation of the soil, and to facilitate the harvest and the commercialization, once the product is cleaner and healthier. However, when the soil is covered important microclimatic parameters are also altered, and consequently the germination of seeds, the growth of roots, the absorption of water and nutrients, the metabolic activity of the plants and the carbohydrates storage. The current trial intended to evaluate the effect of soil covering with blue colored film on consumptive water-use in a lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa, L.). The experiment was carried out in a plastic greenhouse in Araras - S?o Paulo State, Brazil from March 3rd, 2001 to May 5th, 2001. The consumptive water-use was measured through two weighing lysimeter installed inside the greenhouse. Crop spacing was 0.25 m x 0.25 m and the color of the film above soil was blue. Leaf area index (IAF), was measured six times (7; 14; 21; 28; 35; 40 days after transplant) and the water-use efficiency (EU) was measured at the end. The experimental design was subdivided portions with two treatments, "bare soil" and "covered soil". The average consumptive water-use was 4.17 mm day-1 to the "bare soil" treatment and 3.11 mm day-1 to the "covered soil" treatment. The final leaf area index was 25.23 to the "bare soil" treatment and 24.39 to the "covered soil" treatment, and there was no statistical difference between then.