Shiga toxin-producing bacteria as emerging enteric pathogens associated with outbreaks of foodborne illness in the Islamic Republic of Iran

摘要

Background : Detection of the cause of diarrhoeal diseases is important for the management of the outbreaks. Aims : This study investigated the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing bacteria in stool samples of patients with diarrhoea associated with outbreaks of foodborne illness in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods : A total of 532?stool and rectal swab samples from 70 sporadic outbreaks during May 2014 to August 2015 were examined for infection with Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. The isolates were examined for carriage of the virulence genes stx1 and stx2 in all isolates and eae/ehxA in Escherichia coli. Results : E.?coli, Shigella?spp., Citrobacter?spp., Enterobacter?spp., Klebsiella?spp. and other enteric bacteria were detected in 77.7% (376/484), 5.0% (24/484), 3.9% (19/484), 0.4% (2/484), 3.7% (18/484) and 9.3% (45/484) of the samples respectively. Of the 196?sorbitol-negative E.?coli strains, 3?(1.5%) carried the stx1 gene as did 2?of the 19?(10.5%) Citrobacter strains. Conclusion : Shiga toxin-producing Citrobacter?spp. strains should be considered as a newly emerging foodborne pathogen in outbreaks.