Diversidade de peixes do reservatório da UHE Escola Engenharia Mackenzie (Capivara), Rio Paranapanema, bacia do alto rio Paraná, Brasil, e a importancia dos grandes tributários na sua manuten??o

摘要

Fish samples were taken in four stretches along a gradient formed by the UHE Escola Engenharia Mackenzie (Capivara) reservoir. The diversity of species was analyzed by the constance, index of Shannon-Wiener and similarity of the composition among stretches through the Jaccard's coefficient. The reservoir presents a richness of fishes composed by 67 species distributed in 5 orders; 47% of the species are constant, 15% are accessory and 28% are accidental. The highest values of Shannon-Wiener diversity and Jaccard's similarity were obtained in Cinzas and Tibagi, wich are the most distant points from the dam and which present large tributaries. The lowest values were found in Cruzália and Porecatu, which respectively correspond to the stretches with lotic and semi-lotic environmental characteristics. This work demonstrates the extreme importance of tributaries for the maintenance of species diversity in a reservoir, as a result of the preservation of the original characteristics of lotic systems in those river stretches and consequent reduction of the damming impact.