Floristics, Leaf Size Spectra and Life-form Distribution of Riparian Vegetation along a Hill Stream, Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir, India

摘要

Background and Objective: The complexity of riparian vegetation can be analyzed through the functional groups based on a variety of characteristics, including morphology, physiology, competition and geography. The present study aimed to understand the composition, distribution pattern, phenology and physiognomic traits of riverine vegetation in Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Materials and Methods: Organized field surveys were conducted in a mountainous riparian corridor of Neeru stream in Bhaderwah during 2016-2017. The study area forms a linear hydro-morphological unit spanning 30 km in length and ~15-100 m wide located along an elevational range of 850-2200 m. A random sampling technique was used for vegetation sampling. Results: The study corridor is well represented by subtropical, sub-temperate, temperate and alpine elements of vegetation. In all, 248 plant species contained in 193 genera and 78 families were recorded from 45 sampling stations surveyed for all the seasons. Asteraceae dominated the area with 27 species in 20 genera. The life-form spectra revealed thero-hemicryptophytic type of phytoclimate with the prevalence of microphylls (46.37%). Conclusion: The study area comprises of rich diversity of herbs followed by shrubs and trees with a pronounced mid domain effect observed for species and familial richness. The observations on leaf size and biological spectra reflect the characteristics of moderately disturbed temperate ecosystem. The flowering and fruiting commence early at the lower elevations and vegetation remains dormant during winters. Other drivers of richness and diversity of riparian vegetation needs to be integrated in future studies.