Metabolic Syndrome in Iraqi Patients with Vitiligo

摘要

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex of interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. Those factors include; abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disease with multifactorial etiology. However, there is a growing evidence that Vitiligo not only affect the skin but it may also related to systemic metabolic abnormalities. Objective: To investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and Vitiligo. Patients and methods: The present study was a case control study, carried out on 110 Vitiligo patients and 131 age matched and sex matched healthy control. Metabolic syndrome and its components including (abdominal circumference, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein level, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose) were compared between cases and control. Detailed history was taken from each participant and physical examination was done for all. Results: the present study was found that the percentage of metabolic syndrome in Vitiligo patients was 26 (23.6%) and in control group was 24(18.3%) (p-value = 0.3). Age of patient may also carry more risk of metabolic syndrome; older individuals show significant increase in metabolic syndrome p-value 0.04. Regarding the clinical type of Vitiligo, we found that generalized type of Vitiligo carries more risk 24(92%) of them develop metabolic syndrome. Active Vitiligo shows significant correlation with metabolic syndrome 21(60%) p-value 0.0001. This study also revealed that increase body surface area increase risk of metabolic syndrome (p-value 0.0001). Conclusion: Several factors might collaborate, to increase incidence of metabolic syndrome in Vitiligo patients (increase body surface area, activity of Vitiligo, generalized type of Vitiligo, increase age of patient). These factors, may make Vitiligo patient more susceptible to develop metabolic syndrome.