THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN FERTILIZATION DOSES ON LEAD AND CADMIUM ACCUMULATION AND TRANSLOCATION IN YELLOW LUPINE

摘要

Background. Heavy metals in the soil are often found in quantities exceeding their natural level. Given the high degree of harmfulness of some of them (e.g. Pb and Cd) to living organisms, their ingress into the food chain should be monitored.  Material and methods. The aim of the study was to determine if different nitrogen doses had an effect on lead and cadmium accumulation and translocation at different growth stages in yellow lupine. The test factors were nitrogen doses (0, 30, 120 kg?ha-1) introduced to the soil prior to sowing and two development stages (full blooming and full maturity) of the tested species.  Results. Different levels of nitrogen fertilization had no significant effect on the mean content of lead in yellow lupine. Only the highest level of nitrogen application (120 kg N?ha-1) increased the cadmium content in this species. Each applied dose of nitrogen increased the amount of Cd uptake by yellow lupine. Lead uptake was also increased by the application of 120 kg N?ha-1. Yellow lupine harvested at the full maturity stage usually contained less Cd and Pb, but had taken up more of these heavy metals than in the blooming stage. The bioaccumulation factor values indicate a high potential for lupine to absorb Cd and a low potential for Pb absorption. The values of the translocation factor indicate the possibility of Cd hyperaccumulation by this plant, whereas in the case of Pb that capacity was recorded only on soil that was lightly contaminated with this heavy metal.  Conclusion. Regardless of the applied nitrogen dose, green feed and lupine seeds grown on unpolluted soil and on soil lightly contaminated with lead (II°) were not excessively contaminated with these heavy metals and can be used as animal feed.