Bioinspired NADH Regeneration Based on Conjugated Photocatalytic Systems

摘要

Cofactors, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or its phosphorylatedderivative (NADPH), are playing essential roles in redox enzymaticcatalysis because of their indispensable roles as biological hydride sources.However, due to its stoichiometric consumption, economic and efficientregeneration for NADH is of great importance for both in vivo and in vitroapplications. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, photocatalytic NADHregeneration has drawn increasing attention, resulting from its mild reactionconditions and excellent biocompatibility with enzymes. Currently, variousheterogeneous photocatalysts, such as conjugated small molecules, graphiticcarbon nitride, carbon-based materials, and organic polymers, are reported aspromising candidates for photocatalytic NADH regeneration due to their outstandingadvantages of low cost, high chemical stability, limited toxicity, andmolecularly tunable optoelectronic properties. Herein, the key advances ofconjugated photocatalytic systems for NADH regeneration are summarized,accompanied with their strengths and limitations. Finally, an outlook is tentativelyattempted about the further developments of conjugated polymers–basedNADH regeneration as well as integrated photoenzymatic catalysis.