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Probing the non-locality of Majorana fermions via quantum correlations

机译:通过量子相关性探测马约拉那费米子的非局部性

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Majorana fermions (MFs) are exotic particles that are their own anti-particles. Recently, the search for the MFs occurring as quasi-particle excitations in solid-state systems has attracted widespread interest, because of their fundamental importance in fundamental physics and potential applications in topological quantum computation based on solid-state devices. Here we study the quantum correlations between two spatially separate quantum dots induced by a pair of MFs emerging at the two ends of a semiconductor nanowire, in order to develop a new method for probing the MFs. We find that without the tunnel coupling between these paired MFs, quantum entanglement cannot be induced from an unentangled (i.e., product) state, but quantum discord is observed due to the intrinsic nonlocal correlations of the paired MFs. This finding reveals that quantum discord can indeed demonstrate the intrinsic non-locality of the MFs formed in the nanowire. Also, quantum discord can be employed to discriminate the MFs from the regular fermions. Furthermore, we propose an experimental setup to measure the onset of quantum discord due to the nonlocal correlations. Our approach provides a new, and experimentally accessible, method to study the Majorana bound states by probing their intrinsic non-locality signature.
机译:马约拉那费米子(MFs)是奇异的粒子,它们本身就是反粒子。近年来,对在固态系统中以准粒子激发形式出现的MF的研究引起了广泛的关注,因为它们在基本物理学中具有根本的重要性,并且在基于固态设备的拓扑量子计算中具有潜在的应用。在这里,我们研究由出现在半导体纳米线两端的一对MF诱导的两个空间上分开的量子点之间的量子相关性,以便开发出探测MF的新方法。我们发现,在这些成对的MF之间没有隧道耦合的情况下,无法从非缠结(即乘积)状态诱导量子纠缠,但是由于成对的MF固有的非局部相关性,因此观察到了量子不和谐。这一发现表明,量子失衡确实可以证明纳米线中形成的MF的固有非局部性。同样,可以使用量子不和来区分MF和常规费米子。此外,由于非局部相关性,我们提出了一种实验装置来测量量子不和谐的发作。我们的方法提供了一种新的,可通过实验访问的方法,通过探测它们的内在非局部性特征来研究马约拉纳约束状态。

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