The estimation of 3D shape from 2D images requires processing and combining many cues, including texture, shading, specular highlights and reflections. Previous research has shown that oriented filter responses ('orientation fields') may be used to perceptually reconstruct the surface structure of textured and shaded 3D objects. However, texture and shading provide fundamentally different information about 3D shape -- texture provides information about surface orientations (which depend on the first derivative of the surface depth) while shading provides information about surface curvatures (which depend on higher derivatives). In this research project, we used specific geometric transformations that preserve the informativeness of one cue's orientation fields while disturbing the other cuea??s orientation fields to investigate whether oriented filter responses predict the observed strengths and weaknesses of texture and shading cues for 3D shape perception.
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