Non-β-blocking R-carvedilol enantiomer suppresses Ca2+ waves and stress-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmia without lowering heart rate or blood pressure

摘要

pCarvedilol is the current β-blocker of choice for suppressing ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT). However, carvedilol9s benefits are dose-limited, attributable to its potent β-blocking activity that can lead to bradycardia and hypotension. The clinically used carvedilol is a racemic mixture of β-blocking iS/i-carvedilol and non-β-blocking iR/i-carvedilol. We recently reported that novel non-β-blocking carvedilol analogues are effective in suppressing arrhythmogenic Casup2+/sup waves and stress-induced VT without causing bradycardia. Thus, the non-β-blocking iR/i-carvedilol enantiomer may also possess this favourable anti-arrhythmic property. To test this possibility, we synthesized iR/i-carvedilol and assessed its effect on Casup2+/sup release and VT. Like racemic carvedilol, iR/i-carvedilol directly reduces the open duration of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), suppresses spontaneous Casup2+/sup oscillations in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, Casup2+/sup waves in cardiomyocytes in intact hearts and stress-induced VT in mice harbouring a catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)-causing RyR2 mutation. Importantly, iR/i-carvedilol did not significantly alter heart rate or blood pressure. Therefore, the non-β-blocking iR/i-carvedilol enantiomer represents a very promising prophylactic treatment for Casup2+/sup- triggered arrhythmia without the bradycardia and hypotension often associated with racemic carvedilol. Systematic clinical assessments of iR/i-carvedilol as a new anti-arrhythmic agent may be warranted./p