The endo-β-agarases AgaA and AgaB from the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans: two paralogue enzymes with different molecular organizations and catalytic behaviours

摘要

pTwo β-agarase genes, iagaA/i and iagaB/i, were functionally cloned from the marine bacterium iZobellia galactanivorans/i. The iagaA/i and iagaB/i genes encode proteins of 539 and 353 amino acids respectively, with theoretical masses of 60 and 40 kDa. These two β-agarases feature homologous catalytic domains belonging to family GH-16. However, AgaA displays a modular architecture, consisting of the catalytic domain (AgaAc) and two C-terminal domains of unknown function which are processed during secretion of the enzyme. In contrast, AgaB is composed of the catalytic module and a signal peptide similar to the N-terminal signature of prokaryotic lipoproteins, suggesting that this protein is anchored in the cytoplasmic membrane. Gel filtration and electrospray MS experiments demonstrate that AgaB is a dimer in solution, while AgaAc is a monomeric protein. AgaAc and AgaB were overexpressed in iEscherichia coli/i and purified to homogeneity. Both enzymes cleave the β-(1→4) linkages of agarose in a random manner and with retention of the anomeric configuration. Although they behave similarly towards liquid agarose, AgaAc is more efficient than AgaB in the degradation of agarose gels. Given these organizational and catalytic differences, we propose that, reminiscent of the agarolytic system of iPseudoalteromonas atlantica/i, AgaA is specialized in the initial attack on solid-phase agarose, while AgaB is involved with the degradation of agarose fragments./p