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The Propagation of Cosmic Rays from the Galactic Wind Termination Shock: Back to the Galaxy?

机译:来自银河风终结冲击的宇宙射线的传播:回到银河系?

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Although several theories exist for the origin of cosmic rays (CRs) in the region between the spectral "knee" and "ankle," this problem is still unsolved. A variety of observations suggest that the transition from Galactic to extragalactic sources occurs in this energy range. In this work, we examine whether a Galactic wind that eventually forms a termination shock far outside the Galactic plane can contribute as a possible source to the observed flux in the region of interest. Previous work by Bustard et al. estimated that particles can be accelerated to energies above the "knee" up to R max?=?1016 eV for parameters drawn from a model of a Milky Way wind. A remaining question is whether the accelerated CRs can propagate back into the Galaxy. To answer this crucial question, we simulate the propagation of the CRs using the low-energy extension of the CRPropa framework, based on the solution of the transport equation via stochastic differential equations. The setup includes all relevant processes, including three-dimensional anisotropic spatial diffusion, advection, and corresponding adiabatic cooling. We find that, assuming realistic parameters for the shock evolution, a possible Galactic termination shock can contribute significantly to the energy budget in the "knee" region and above. We estimate the resulting produced neutrino fluxes and find them to be below measurements from IceCube and limits by KM3NeT.
机译:尽管在光谱“膝盖”和“脚踝”之间的区域中存在关于宇宙射线(CR)起源的几种理论,但这个问题仍未解决。各种观察结果表明,从银河源到银河外源的过渡发生在该能量范围内。在这项工作中,我们研究了最终在远距离银河平面以外形成终止冲击的银河风是否可以作为感兴趣区域观测到的通量的可能来源。 Bustard等人的先前工作。据估计,对于从银河系风模型得出的参数,粒子可以加速到“膝”以上的能量,最高可达R max?=?1016 eV。剩下的问题是加速的CR是否可以传播回Galaxy。为了回答这个关键问题,我们基于传输方程通过随机微分方程的解,使用CRPropa框架的低能扩展来模拟CR的传播。该设置包括所有相关过程,包括三维各向异性空间扩散,对流和相应的绝热冷却。我们发现,假设为激波演化提供了现实的参数,可能的银河终结激波会极大地影响“膝盖”区域及以上区域的能量收支。我们估计产生的中微子通量,发现它们低于IceCube的测量值和KM3NeT的极限值。

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