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SPECTRAL VARIATIONS OF THE SKY: CONSTRAINTS ON ALTERNATE UNIVERSES

机译:天空的光谱变化:约束其他宇宙

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The fine tuning of parameters required to reproduce our present day universe suggests that our universe may simply be a region within an eternally inflating super-region. Many other regions beyond our observable universe would exist with each such region governed by a different set of physical parameters. Collision between these regions, if they occur, should leave signatures of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) but have not been seen. We analyze the spectral properties of masked, foreground-cleaned maps between 100 and 545 GHz constructed from the Planck data set. Four distinct ~2°–4° regions associated with CMB cold spots show anomalously strong 143 GHz emission but no correspondingly strong emission at either 100 or 217 GHz. The signal to noise of this 143 GHz residual emission is at the 6σ level which reduces to 3.2–5.4σ after subtraction of remaining synchrotron/free–free foregrounds. We assess different mechanisms for this residual emission and conclude that although there is a 30% probability that noise fluctuations may cause foregrounds to fall within 3σ of the excess, there is less than a 0.5% probability that foregrounds can explain all the excess. A plausible explanation is that the collision of our universe with an alternate universe whose baryon to photon ratio is a factor of ~4500 larger than ours, could produce enhanced hydrogen Paschen-series emission at the epoch of recombination. Future spectral mapping and deeper observations at 100 and 217 GHz are needed to mitigate systematics arising from unknown Galactic foregrounds and to confirm this unusual hypothesis.
机译:再现当今宇宙所需的参数的微调表明,宇宙可能只是一个不断膨胀的超级区域中的一个区域。我们可观察到的宇宙以外的许多其他区域将存在,每个这样的区域受一组不同的物理参数控制。这些区域之间的碰撞(如果发生)应该在宇宙微波背景(CMB)中留下各向异性的特征,但尚未被发现。我们分析了从普朗克数据集构建的100至545 GHz之间的蒙版,经过前景清洁的地图的频谱特性。与CMB冷点相关的四个不同的〜2°–4°区域显示异常强的143 GHz辐射,但在100 GHz或217 GHz处没有相应的强辐射。 143 GHz残留发射的信噪比为6σ,在减去剩余的同步加速器/无自由前景后,其信噪比降至3.2–5.4σ。我们评估了这种残留发射的不同机制,并得出结论,尽管噪声波动有30%的概率可能导致前景落在过量值的3σ之内,但前景可以解释所有过量值的可能性不到0.5%。一个合理的解释是,我们的宇宙与重子与光子之比比我们大约4500倍的另一宇宙的碰撞,可能会在重组时期产生增强的Paschen系列氢发射。需要未来在100和217 GHz的频谱映射和更深入的观察,以减轻由未知银河前景引起的系统现象,并确认这一不寻常的假设。

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