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RECOVERY FROM GIANT ERUPTIONS IN VERY MASSIVE STARS

机译:从非常大质量的恒星爆发中恢复

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We use a hydro-and-radiative-transfer code to explore the behavior of a very massive star (VMS) after a giant eruption—i.e., following a supernova impostor event. Beginning with reasonable models for evolved VMSs with masses of 80?M⊙ and 120?M⊙, we simulate the change of state caused by a giant eruption via two methods that explicitly conserve total energy. (1) Synthetically removing outer layers of mass of a few M⊙ while reducing the energy of the inner layers. (2) Synthetically transferring energy from the core to the outer layers, an operation that automatically causes mass ejection. Our focus is on the aftermath, not the poorly understood eruption itself. Then, using a radiation-hydrodynamic code in 1D with realistic opacities and convection, the interior disequilibrium state is followed for about 200 years. Typically the star develops a ~400 km s?1 wind with a mass loss rate that begins around 0.1?M⊙?yr?1 and gradually decreases. This outflow is driven by κ-mechanism radial pulsations. The 1D models have regular pulsations but 3D models will probably be more chaotic. In some cases a plateau in the mass-loss rate may persist about 200 years, while other cases are more like η Car which lost 10?M⊙ and then had an abnormal mass loss rate for more than a century after its eruption. In our model, the post-eruption outflow carried more mass than the initial eruption. These simulations constitute a useful preliminary reconnaissance for 3D models which will be far more difficult.
机译:我们使用水和辐射转移代码来探索巨大喷发后(即超新星冒名顶替事件之后)超大质量恒星(VMS)的行为。从合理的质量为80?M⊙和120?M⊙的演化VMS的模型开始,我们通过两种显着节省总能量的方法来模拟由巨大喷发引起的状态变化。 (1)合成地除去质量为M 3的外层,同时减少内层的能量。 (2)将能量从核心综合传输到外层,此操作会自动导致质量弹出。我们的重点是后果,而不是对火山喷发本身的了解不足。然后,使用具有现实不透明度和对流的一维辐射流体动力学代码,内部不平衡状态将持续约200年。通常情况下,恒星会形成约400 km s?1的风,其质量损失率从0.1?M ?? yr?1开始,然后逐渐减小。这种流出是由κ机理径向脉动驱动的。 1D模型具有规则的搏动,但3D模型可能会更加混乱。在某些情况下,质量损失率的平稳期可能会持续约200年,而其他情况更像是ηCar,其损失> 10?M⊙,然后在喷发后的一个多世纪中具有异常的质量损失率。在我们的模型中,喷发后的流出比初始喷发携带更多的质量。这些模拟对3D模型构成了有用的初步侦察,这将更加困难。

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