首页> 外文期刊>The Astrophysical journal >THE LINK BETWEEN EJECTED STARS, HARDENING AND ECCENTRICITY GROWTH OF SUPER MASSIVE BLACK HOLES IN GALACTIC NUCLEI
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THE LINK BETWEEN EJECTED STARS, HARDENING AND ECCENTRICITY GROWTH OF SUPER MASSIVE BLACK HOLES IN GALACTIC NUCLEI

机译:银河系核中超大质量黑洞的射出恒星,硬化和偏心生长之间的联系

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The hierarchical galaxy formation picture suggests that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) observed in galactic nuclei today have grown from coalescence of massive black hole binaries (MBHB) after galaxy merging. Once the components of an MBHB become gravitationally bound, strong three-body encounters between the MBHB and stars dominate its evolution in a "dry" gas-free environment and change the MBHB's energy and angular momentum (semimajor axis, eccentricity, and orientation). Here we present high-accuracy direct N-body simulations of spherical and axisymmetric (rotating) galactic nuclei with order of 106 stars and two MBHs that are initially unbound. We analyze the properties of the ejected stars due to slingshot effects from three-body encounters with the MBHB in detail. Previous studies have investigated the eccentricity and energy changes of MBHs using approximate models or Monte Carlo three-body scatterings. We find general agreement with the average results of previous semi-analytic models for spherical galactic nuclei, but our results show a large statistical variation. Our new results show many more phase space details of how the process works, and also show the influence of stellar system rotation on the process. We detect that the angle between the orbital plane of the MBHBs and that of the stellar system (when it rotates) influences the phase-space properties of the ejected stars. We also find that MBHBs tend to switch stars with counter-rotating orbits into corotating orbits during their interactions.
机译:分层的星系形成图表明,如今在银河核中观察到的超大质量黑洞(SMBHs)是由星系合并后大量黑洞双星(MBHB)的合并而形成的。一旦MBHB的成分受到重力约束,MBHB和恒星之间的强三体相遇将主导其在“干燥”无气体环境中的演化,并改变MBHB的能量和角动量(半长轴,偏心率和方向)。在这里,我们介绍了球形和轴对称(旋转)银河核的高精度直接N体模拟,该核具有106个恒星和两个未绑定的MBH。我们详细分析了与MBHB的三体碰撞产生的弹弓效应所引起的射出恒星的特性。以前的研究已经使用近似模型或蒙特卡洛三体散射研究了MBH的偏心率和能量变化。我们发现与先前的球形银河核半解析模型的平均结果基本一致,但我们的结果显示出较大的统计差异。我们的新结果显示了该过程如何工作的更多相空间细节,还显示了恒星系统旋转对过程的影响。我们检测到MBHBs的轨道平面和恒星系统的轨道平面之间的角度(当它旋转时)会影响所喷射恒星的相空间特性。我们还发现,MBHBs在相互作用期间趋向于将具有反向旋转轨道的恒星转换为同向轨道。

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