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DYNAMICAL MODELING OF TIDAL STREAMS

机译:潮汐流动力学模型

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I present a new framework for modeling the dynamics of tidal streams. The framework consists of simple models for the initial action-angle distribution of tidal debris, which can be straightforwardly evolved forward in time. Taking advantage of the essentially one-dimensional nature of tidal streams, the transformation to position-velocity coordinates can be linearized and interpolated near a small number of points along the stream, thus allowing for efficient computations of a stream's properties in observable quantities. I illustrate how to calculate the stream's average location (its "track") in different coordinate systems, how to quickly estimate the dispersion around its track, and how to draw mock stream data. As a generative model, this framework allows one to compute the full probability distribution function and marginalize over or condition it on certain phase-space dimensions as well as convolve it with observational uncertainties. This will be instrumental in proper data analysis of stream data. In addition to providing a computationally efficient practical tool for modeling the dynamics of tidal streams, the action-angle nature of the framework helps elucidate how the observed width of the stream relates to the velocity dispersion or mass of the progenitor, and how the progenitors of "orphan" streams could be located. The practical usefulness of the proposed framework crucially depends on the ability to calculate action-angle variables for any orbit in any gravitational potential. A novel method for calculating actions, frequencies, and angles in any static potential using a single orbit integration is described in the Appendix.
机译:我提出了一个用于模拟潮汐流动力学的新框架。该框架由用于潮汐碎片初始作用角分布的简单模型组成,可以随时间直接向前发展。利用潮汐流的基本一维特性,可以线性变换和插值到位置速度坐标,并将其内插在沿流的少量点附近,从而可以有效地计算出可观察量的流的性质。我将说明如何在不同的坐标系中计算流的平均位置(“轨迹”),如何快速估算其轨迹周围的离散度以及如何绘制模拟流数据。作为一种生成模型,此框架允许人们计算完整的概率分布函数,并将其边缘化或以某些相空间维为条件,以及将其与观测不确定性卷积。这将有助于对流数据进行适当的数据分析。除了提供用于计算潮汐流动力学的高效计算实用工具外,框架的作用角特性还有助于阐明观察到的水流宽度与祖细胞的速度散布或质量之间的关系,以及祖细胞的祖细胞如何与之相关。可以找到“孤立”流。所提出的框架的实际实用性关键取决于在任何重力势中为任何轨道计算作用角变量的能力。附录中描述了一种使用单个轨道积分来计算任何静态势中的作用,频率和角度的新颖方法。

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