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首页> 外文期刊>The Astrophysical journal >ASTROMETRY AND ORBITS OF NIX, KERBEROS, AND HYDRA
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ASTROMETRY AND ORBITS OF NIX, KERBEROS, AND HYDRA

机译:NIX,Kerberos和Hydra的天文学和轨道

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摘要

We present new Hubble Space Telescope observations of three of Pluto's outer moons, Nix, Kerberos, and Hydra. This work revises previously published astrometry of Nix and Hydra from 2002 to 2003. New data from a four-month span during 2007 include observations designed to better measure the positions of Nix and Hydra. A third data set from 2010 also includes data on Nix and Hydra as well as some pre-discovery observations of Kerberos. The data were fitted using numerical point-spread function (PSF) fitting techniques to get accurate positions but also to remove the extended wings of the Pluto and Charon PSFs when working on these faint satellites. The resulting astrometric data were fitted with two-body Keplerian orbits that are useful for short-term predictions of the future positions of these satellites for stellar occultation and for guiding encounter planning for the upcoming New Horizons flyby of the Pluto system. The mutual inclinations of the satellites are all within 02 of the plane of Charon's orbit. The periods for all continue to show that their orbits are near but distinct from integer period ratios relative to Charon. Based on our results, the period ratios are Hydra:Charon = 5.98094 ± 0.00001, Kerberos:Charon = 5.0392 ± 0.0003, and Nix:Charon?= 3.89135 ± 0.00001. Based on period ratios alone, there is a trend of increased distance from an integer period ratio with decreasing distance from Charon. Our analysis shows that orbital uncertainties for Nix and Hydra are now low enough to permit useful stellar occultation predictions and for New Horizons encounter planning. In 2015 July, our orbits predict a position error of 60?km for Nix and 38?km for Hydra, well below other limiting errors that affect targeting. The orbit for Kerberos, however, still needs a lot of work as its uncertainty in 2015 is quite large at 22,000?km based on these data.
机译:我们展示了哈勃太空望远镜对冥王星三个外卫星的新观测,分别是Nix,Kerberos和Hydra。这项工作修订了2002年至2003年以前发布的Nix和Hydra的天文测量法。2007年期间四个月的新数据包括旨在更好地测量Nix和Hydra位置的观测数据。 2010年的第三个数据集还包括有关Nix和Hydra的数据,以及对Kerberos的一些发现前观察。使用数字点扩展函数(PSF)拟合技术对数据进行拟合,以获取准确的位置,同时在处理这些微弱的卫星时,还要去除冥王星和Charon PSF的延伸机翼。产生的天文数据与两体Keplerian轨道拟合,这对于短期预测这些卫星的未来位置以进行恒星掩星和指导冥王星系统即将到来的“新视野”掠过的相遇规划非常有用。卫星的相互倾斜都在Charon轨道平面的02度以内。所有人的周期继续表明,它们的轨道相对于Charon而言接近但不同于整数周期比。根据我们的结果,周期比率为Hydra:Charon = 5.98094±0.00001,Kerberos:Charon = 5.0392±0.0003和Nix:Charon?= 3.89135±0.00001。仅基于周期比率,就有从整数周期比率增加距离的趋势,而与Charon的距离减小的趋势。我们的分析表明,Nix和Hydra的轨道不确定性现在很低,足以进行有用的恒星掩星预测,而New Horizo​​ns的遭遇计划也是如此。 2015年7月,我们的轨道预测Nix的位置误差为60?km,Hydra的位置误差为38?km,远低于影响目标的其他限制误差。但是,Kerberos的轨道仍然需要大量工作,因为根据这些数据,其在2015年的不确定性很大,为22,000?km。

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