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ON THE ORIENTATION AND MAGNITUDE OF THE BLACK HOLE SPIN IN GALACTIC NUCLEI

机译:银河系黑洞旋转的方向和大小

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Massive black holes (BHs) in galactic nuclei vary their mass M BH and spin vector J BH due to accretion. In this study we relax, for the first time, the assumption that accretion can be either chaotic, i.e., when the accretion episodes are randomly and isotropically oriented, or coherent, i.e., when they occur all in a preferred plane. Instead, we consider different degrees of anisotropy in the fueling, never confining to accretion events on a fixed direction. We follow the BH growth evolving contemporarily with mass, spin modulus a, and spin direction. We discover the occurrence of two regimes. An early phase (M BH 107 M ☉) in which rapid alignment of the BH spin direction to the disk angular momentum in each single episode leads to erratic changes in the BH spin orientation and at the same time to large spins (a ~ 0.8). A second phase starts when the BH mass increases above 107 M ☉ and the accretion disks carry less mass and angular momentum relative to the hole. In the absence of a preferential direction, the BHs tend to spin-down in this phase. However, when a modest degree of anisotropy in the fueling process (still far from being coherent) is present, the BH spin can increase up to a ~ 1 for very massive black holes (M BH 108 M ☉), and its direction is stable over the many accretion cycles. We discuss the implications of our results in the realm of the observations of BH spin and jet orientations.
机译:银河核中的大质量黑洞(BH)会因积聚而改变其质量M BH和自旋向量J BH。在这项研究中,我们首次放松了这样一种假设,即吸积可以是混乱的,即当吸积发作是随机且各向同性的时,或者是连贯的,即当它们全部发生在首选平面中时。取而代之的是,我们在加油中考虑了不同程度的各向异性,从不局限于固定方向上的吸积事件。我们随质量,自旋模量a和自旋方向同时发展的BH增长进行跟踪。我们发现了两种制度的发生。早期阶段(M BH 107 M☉),其中在每个单个事件中BH自旋方向与磁盘角动量的快速对齐会导致BH自旋方向发生不稳定的变化,同时导致大自旋(a〜0.8) 。当BH质量增加到107 M above以上并且吸积盘相对于孔具有较小的质量和角动量时,第二阶段开始。在没有优先方向的情况下,BH在此阶段趋于旋转下降。但是,当在加油过程中存在适度的各向异性(仍远未达到相干性)时,对于非常大的黑洞(M BH 108 M☉),BH自旋可增加至a〜1,并且其方向稳定在许多积聚周期中。我们讨论了我们的结果在BH自旋和射流取向观测领域中的意义。

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