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PSEUDO-NEWTONIAN POTENTIALS FOR NEARLY PARABOLIC ORBITS

机译:抛物线轨道的拟牛顿势

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We describe a pseudo-Newtonian potential which, to within 1% error at all angular momenta, reproduces the precession due to general relativity of particles whose specific orbital energy is small compared to c 2 in the Schwarzschild metric. For bound orbits, the constraint of low energy is equivalent to requiring the apoapsis of a particle to be large compared to the Schwarzschild radius. Such low-energy orbits are ubiquitous close to supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei, but the potential is relevant in any context containing particles on low-energy orbits. Like the more complex post-Newtonian expressions, the potential correctly reproduces the precession in the far field, but also correctly reproduces the position and magnitude of the logarithmic divergence in precession for low angular momentum orbits. An additional advantage lies in its simplicity, both in computation and implementation. We also provide two simpler, but less accurate potentials, for cases where orbits always remain at large angular momenta, or when the extra accuracy is not needed. In all of the presented cases, the accuracy in precession in low-energy orbits exceeds that of the well-known potential of Paczyński & Wiita, which has ~30% error in the precession at all angular momenta.
机译:我们描述了一个伪牛顿势,该势在所有角矩处的误差都在1%以内,再现了由于相对轨道相对于Schwarzschild度量中的c 2小的粒子的广义相对性而引起的进动。对于有界轨道,低能量的约束等效于要求与Schwarzschild半径相比,粒子的顶点最大。这样的低能轨道普遍存在于银河原子核中的超大质量黑洞附近,但在任何包含低能轨道上粒子的环境中,这种势均是相关的。像更复杂的牛顿后表达式一样,势能正确地再现远场中的岁差,但也正确地再现了低角动量轨道中岁差中对数散度的位置和大小。另一个优势在于它在计算和实现方面都非常简单。对于轨道始终保持在大角动量或不需要额外精度的情况,我们还提供了两种更简单但精度较低的电位。在所有提出的情况下,低能轨道的进动精度都超过了Paczyński&Wiita的公知潜力,后者在所有角动量中的进动误差均约为30%。

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