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首页> 外文期刊>The Astrophysical journal >MAGNETO-ACOUSTIC WAVES IN SUNSPOTS: FIRST RESULTS FROM A NEW THREE-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC CODE
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MAGNETO-ACOUSTIC WAVES IN SUNSPOTS: FIRST RESULTS FROM A NEW THREE-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC CODE

机译:太阳黑子中的磁声波:新的三维非线性磁氢动力码的第一结果

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Waves observed in the photosphere and chromosphere of sunspots show complex dynamics and spatial patterns. The interpretation of high-resolution sunspot wave observations requires modeling of three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear wave propagation and mode transformation in the sunspot upper layers in realistic spot model atmospheres. Here, we present the first results of such modeling. We have developed a 3D nonlinear numerical code specially designed to calculate the response of magnetic structures in equilibrium to an arbitrary perturbation. The code solves the 3D nonlinear MHD equations for perturbations; it is stabilized by hyper-diffusivity terms and is fully parallelized. The robustness of the code is demonstrated by a number of standard tests. We analyze several simulations of a sunspot perturbed by pulses of different periods at a subphotospheric level, from short periods, introduced for academic purposes, to longer and realistic periods of 3 and 5 minutes. We present a detailed description of the 3D mode transformation in a non-trivial sunspot-like magnetic field configuration, including the conversion between fast and slow magneto-acoustic waves and the Alfvén wave, by calculation of the wave energy fluxes. Our main findings are as follows: (1) the conversion from acoustic to the Alfvén mode is only observed if the driving pulse is located out of the sunspot axis, but this conversion is energetically inefficient; (2) as a consequence of the cutoff effects and refraction of the fast magneto-acoustic mode, the energy of the evanescent waves with periods around 5 minutes remains almost completely below the level β = 1; (3) waves with frequencies above the cutoff propagate field aligned to the chromosphere and their power becomes dominating over that of evanescent 5 minute oscillations, in agreement with observations.
机译:在黑子的光圈和色圈中观察到的波显示出复杂的动力学和空间模式。高分辨率黑子波观测的解释要求对现实点模型大气中黑子上层中的三维(3D)非线性波传播和模式转换进行建模。在这里,我们介绍了这种建模的最初结果。我们已经开发了3D非线性数值代码,专门设计用于计算平衡状态下的磁性结构对任意扰动的响应。该代码解决了3D非线性MHD方程的扰动;它由超扩散项稳定并完全并行化。许多标准测试证明了代码的健壮性。我们分析了在亚光层水平上受到不同周期脉冲干扰的黑子的几种模拟,从为学术目的引入的短周期到3分钟和5分钟的较长且现实的周期。我们通过计算波能通量,对非平凡的黑子状磁场配置中的3D模式转换进行了详细描述,包括快速和慢速磁声波与Alfvén波之间的转换。我们的主要发现如下:(1)仅当驱动脉冲位于黑子轴之外时,才能观察到从声模到Alfvén模式的转换,但是这种转换在能量上效率低下; (2)由于截止效应和快速磁声模的折射,约5分钟左右的van逝波能量几乎完全低于β= 1的水平; (3)频率高于截止频率的波传播到与色球一致的场,并且其功率在over逝的5分钟振荡的功率上占主导地位,这与观察结果一致。

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