...
首页> 外文期刊>The Astrophysical journal >THE GROWTH AND MIGRATION OF JOVIAN PLANETS IN EVOLVING PROTOSTELLAR DISKS WITH DEAD ZONES
【24h】

THE GROWTH AND MIGRATION OF JOVIAN PLANETS IN EVOLVING PROTOSTELLAR DISKS WITH DEAD ZONES

机译:带有死区的原恒盘演化过程中Jovian平板的生长和迁移

获取原文

摘要

The growth of Jovian mass planets during migration in their protoplanetary disks is one of the most important problems that needs to be solved in light of observations of the small orbital radii of exosolar planets. Studies of the migration of planets in standard gas disk models routinely show that the migration speeds are too high to form Jovian planets, and that such migrating planetary cores generally plunge into their central stars in less than a million years. In previous work, we have shown that a poorly ionized, less viscous region in a protoplanetary disk called a dead zone slows down the migration of fixed-mass planets. In this paper, we extend our numerical calculations to include dead zone evolution along with the disk, as well as planet formation via accretion of rocky and gaseous materials. Using our symplectic integrator-gas dynamics code, we find that dead zones, even in evolving disks wherein planets grow by accretion as they migrate, still play a fundamental role in saving planetary systems. We demonstrate that Jovian planets form within 2.5 Myr for disks that are 10 times more massive than a minimum-mass solar nebula (MMSN) with an opacity reduction and without slowing down migration artificially. Our simulations indicate that protoplanetary disks with an initial mass comparable to the MMSN only produce Neptunian mass planets. We also find that planet migration does not help core accretion as much in the oligarchic planetesimal-accretion scenario as was expected in the runaway planetesimal-accretion scenario. Therefore, we expect that an opacity reduction (or some other mechanisms) is needed to solve the formation timescale problem even for migrating protoplanets, as long as we consider the oligarchic growth. We also point out a possible role of a dead zone in explaining long-lived, strongly accreting gas disks.
机译:木星行星在其原行星盘迁移过程中的生长是最重要的问题之一,鉴于对系外行星小轨道半径的观察,这是需要解决的问题。对标准气盘模型中行星迁移的研究通常表明,迁移速度过高而无法形成木星行星,并且这种迁移的行星芯通常在不到一百万年的时间内就陷入了它们的中心恒星。在先前的工作中,我们已经证明,在原行星盘中一个称为死区的电离差,粘性较小的区域会减慢固定质量行星的迁移。在本文中,我们扩展了数值计算的范围,包括死区随盘的演化以及通过岩石和气体物质的增加而形成的行星。使用辛格积分气动力学代码,我们发现,即使在不断发展的圆盘中,死区也仍然在节省行星系统中起着根本性的作用。我们证明,对于不透明性降低且不人为地降低迁移速度的最小质量太阳星云(MMSN)而言,木星在2.5 Myr内形成的磁盘质量要大10倍。我们的模拟表明,具有与MMSN相当的初始质量的原行星盘仅产生海王星质量的行星。我们还发现,行星迁移对寡聚行星小行星积聚方案中的核心积聚没有像失控的行星小行星积聚方案中所期望的那样多。因此,只要我们考虑了寡头增长,我们期望降低不透明度(或其他机制)来解决形成时间尺度问题,甚至对于原行星的迁移也是如此。我们还指出了死区在解释长寿命,高吸积气盘中的可能作用。

著录项

获取原文

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号