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EXOZODIACAL DUST LEVELS FOR NEARBY MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS: A SURVEY WITH THE KECK INTERFEROMETER NULLER

机译:邻近主序星的地外生灰尘水平:带塞克干涉仪零点的调查

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The Keck Interferometer Nuller (KIN) was used to survey 25 nearby main-sequence stars in the mid-infrared, in order to assess the prevalence of warm circumstellar (exozodiacal) dust around nearby solar-type stars. The KIN measures circumstellar emission by spatially blocking the star but transmitting the circumstellar flux in a region typically 0.1-4?AU from the star. We find one significant detection (η Crv), two marginal detections (γ Oph and α Aql), and 22 clear non-detections. Using a model of our own solar system's zodiacal cloud, scaled to the luminosity of each target star, we estimate the equivalent number of target zodis needed to match our observations. Our three zodi detections are η Crv (1250 ± 260), γ Oph (200 ± 80), and α Aql (600 ± 200), where the uncertainties are 1σ. The 22 non-detected targets have an ensemble weighted average consistent with zero, with an average individual uncertainty of 160 zodis (1σ). These measurements represent the best limits to date on exozodi levels for a sample of nearby main-sequence stars. A statistical analysis of the population of 23 stars not previously known to contain circumstellar dust (excluding η Crv and γ Oph) suggests that, if the measurement errors are uncorrelated (for which we provide evidence) and if these 23 stars are representative of a single class with respect to the level of exozodi brightness, the mean exozodi level for the class is 150 zodis (3σ upper limit, corresponding to 99% confidence under the additional assumption that the measurement errors are Gaussian). We also demonstrate that this conclusion is largely independent of the shape and mean level of the (unknown) true underlying exozodi distribution.
机译:凯克干涉仪Nuller(KIN)用于对中红外附近的25个主要序列恒星进行调查,以评估附近太阳型恒星周围的高温恒星尘埃的发生率。 KIN通过在空间上阻挡恒星但在通常距恒星0.1-4?AU的区域内传输恒星通量来测量恒星辐射。我们发现一个重要的检测值(ηCrv),两个边缘检测值(γOph和αAql)和22个清除的未检测到值。使用我们自己的太阳系黄道云的模型,将其缩放到每个目标恒星的光度,我们估算出与我们的观测相匹配所需的目标黄道带的等效数量。我们的三个zodi检测是ηCrv(1250±260),γOph(200±80)和αAql(600±200),其中不确定度为1σ。 22个未检测到的目标的总体加权平均值与零一致,平均个体不确定度为160 zodis(1σ)。这些测量代表了迄今为止对附近主序恒星样本的Exozodi水平的最佳极限。对先前未知的包含星际尘埃(不包括ηCrv和γOph)的23颗恒星的统计分析表明,如果测量误差不相关(我们提供证据),并且这23颗恒星是否代表单个相对于exozodi亮度级别,该级别的平均exozodi级别为<150 zodis(3σ上限,在测量误差为高斯的附加假设下,对应于99%的置信度)。我们还证明了这一结论在很大程度上与(未知的)真实潜在的埃克佐迪分布的形状和平均水平无关。

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