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Off-Center Ignition in Type Ia Supernovae. I. Initial Evolution and Implications for Delayed Detonation

机译:Ia型超新星的偏心点火。 I.初步发展及其对延迟爆轰的影响

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The explosion of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf as a Type Ia supernova is known to be sensitive to the manner in which the burning is ignited. Studies of the presupernova evolution suggest asymmetric, off-center ignition, and here we explore its consequences in two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) simulations. Compared with centrally ignited models, one-sided ignitions initially burn less and release less energy. For the distributions of ignition points studied, ignition within two hemispheres typically leads to the unbinding of the white dwarf, while ignition within a small fraction of one hemisphere does not. We also examine the spreading of the blast over the surface of the white dwarf that occurs as the first plumes of burning erupt from the star. In particular, our studies test whether the collision of strong compressional waves can trigger a detonation on the far side of the star as has been suggested by Plewa and coworkers. The maximum temperature reached in these collisions is sensitive to how much burning and expansion has already gone on, and to the dimensionality of the calculation. Although detonations are sometimes observed in 2D models, none ever happens in the corresponding 3D calculations. Collisions between the expansion fronts of multiple bubbles also seem, in the usual case, unable to ignite a detonation. "Gravitationally confined detonation" is therefore not a robust mechanism for the explosion. Detonation may still be possible in these models, however, either following a pulsation or by spontaneous detonation if the turbulent energy is high enough.
机译:已知碳氧白矮星Ia型超新星的爆炸对燃烧的方式很敏感。超新星前演化的研究表明不对称的偏心点火,在这里我们在二维(2D)和三维(3D)模拟中探索其后果。与集中点火的模型相比,单边点火起初燃烧较少,释放的能量也较少。对于所研究的点火点分布,两个半球内的点火通常会导致白矮星解开,而在一个半球的一小部分内点火则不会。我们还研究了爆炸的散布在白矮星表面的情况,这种爆炸是在恒星爆发出第一批燃烧烟羽时发生的。尤其是,我们的研究测试了强压缩波的碰撞是否会像Plewa及其同事所建议的那样在恒星的另一端引发爆炸。这些碰撞中达到的最高温度对已经发生了多少燃烧和膨胀以及计算的维数很敏感。尽管有时会在2D模型中观察到爆炸,但在相应的3D计算中却从未发生过爆炸。在通常情况下,多个气泡的膨胀前沿之间的碰撞似乎也无法点燃爆炸。因此,“引力限制的爆炸”不是爆炸的可靠机制。但是,在这些模型中,仍然可能发生爆震,或者在脉动之后,或者如果湍流能量足够高,则可以通过自发爆震。

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