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The Ecology of Star Clusters and Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in the Galactic Bulge

机译:星系凸起中星团和中质黑洞的生态

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We simulate the inner 100 pc of the Milky Way to study the formation and evolution of the population of star clusters and intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). For this study we perform extensive direct N-body simulations of the star clusters that reside in the bulge, and of the inner few tenth of parsecs of the supermassive black hole in the Galactic center. In our N-body simulations the dynamical friction of the star cluster in the tidal field of the bulge are taken into account via semianalytic solutions. The N-body calculations are used to calibrate a semianalytic model of the formation and evolution of the bulge. We find that ~10% of the clusters born within ~100 pc of the Galactic center undergo core collapse during their inward migration and form IMBHs via runaway stellar merging. After the clusters dissolve, these IMBHs continue their inward drift, carrying a few of the most massive stars with them. We predict that a region within ~10 pc of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) is populated by ~50?IMBHs of ~1000?M☉. Several of these are still expected to be accompanied by some of the most massive stars from the star cluster. We also find that within a few milliparsecs of the SMBH there is a steady population of several IMBHs. This population drives the merger rate between IMBHs and the SMBH at a rate of about one per 10 Myr, sufficient to build the accumulated majority of mass of the SMBH. Mergers of IMBHs with SMBHs throughout the universe are detectable by LISA at a rate of about two per week.
机译:我们模拟了银河系内部的100 pc,以研究星团和中等质量黑洞(IMBH)的形成和演化。在这项研究中,我们对位于凸起处的星团以及银河系中心的超大质量黑洞的内部十分之一秒差距进行了广泛的直接N体模拟。在我们的N体模拟中,通过半解析解考虑了星团在凸起潮汐场中的动力摩擦。 N体计算用于校准凸起形成和演化的半解析模型。我们发现,在银河系中心约100%内出生的星团中,约有10%在其向内迁移过程中经历了核塌陷,并通过失控的恒星合并形成了IMBH。星团解体后,这些IMBH继续向内漂移,并携带了一些最大质量的恒星。我们预测,超质量黑洞(SMBH)约10 pc内的区域将由〜1000?M☉的〜50?IMBH组成。其中一些仍有望与恒星团中一些质量最大的恒星相伴。我们还发现,在SMBH的几毫秒内,有几个IMBH稳定存在。该人口以大约每10 Myr的比率驱动IMBH和SMBH之间的合并率,足以累积SMBH的大部分质量。 LISA可以每周大约两次的速度检测到整个IMBH与SMBH的合并。

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