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首页> 外文期刊>The Astrophysical journal >Dense Cores with Multiple Protostars: The Velocity Fields of L1448 IRS 3, NGC 1333 IRAS 2, and NGC 1333 IRAS 4
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Dense Cores with Multiple Protostars: The Velocity Fields of L1448 IRS 3, NGC 1333 IRAS 2, and NGC 1333 IRAS 4

机译:具有多个原恒星的密集磁芯:L1448 IRS 3,NGC 1333 IRAS 2和NGC 1333 IRAS 4的速度场

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摘要

The embedded cores L1448 IRS 3, NGC 1333 IRAS 2, and NGC 1333 IRAS 4 are mapped in emission from the C18O, H13CO+, and N2H+ J = 1 → 0 transitions. The maps are created by combining BIMA and FCRAO observations and are tuned to resolutions of ~50'', 10'', 5'', and 3''. The higher resolution maps reveal emission structures that are considerably smaller than the characteristic core radius (~0.1 pc) identified in earlier single-dish studies. We focus our study on the kinematics of the envelope material traced by the emission lines. We find that although the FCRAO data show relatively smooth velocity gradients across the cores, the velocity fields seen with higher resolution are more random, with central velocities varying over a range of ~1 km s-1. In general, the distribution of velocities, as well as the complexity of the fields, increases with resolution. To analyze variations in the widths of the emission lines, we employ a method of gridding the datacubes that was initially developed to quantify properties of turbulent cloud models. The cores exhibit a broad range of line widths even at the smallest measurable scales. Pure thermal broadening at the prevailing envelope temperatures (T ≈ 20 K) is insufficient to produce the measured line widths; the narrowest lines must have a turbulent component at least as great as the thermal component, and for nearly all lines, the turbulent component makes the dominant contribution. Our results suggest that turbulent motions persist down to subcore scales of at least 2400 AU.
机译:嵌入式核L1448 IRS 3,NGC 1333 IRAS 2和NGC 1333 IRAS 4被映射到C18O,H13CO +和N2H + J = 1→0跃迁的发射中。这些地图是通过结合BIMA和FCRAO观测值而创建的,并已调整为〜50'',10'',5''和3''的分辨率。较高分辨率的地图显示出的发射结构比早期单碟研究中确定的特征核半径(〜0.1 pc)小得多。我们将研究重点放在由发射线跟踪的包络材料的运动学上。我们发现,尽管FCRAO数据显示了跨岩心的相对平稳的速度梯度,但以更高的分辨率看到的速度场更加随机,中心速度在〜1 km s-1范围内变化。通常,速度的分布以及场的复杂性随分辨率而增加。为了分析发射线宽度的变化,我们采用了对数据立方体进行网格化的方法,该方法最初是为量化湍流云模型的性质而开发的。即使在最小的可测量比例下,磁芯也显示出广泛的线宽范围。在主要的包络温度(T≈20 K)下,单纯的热增宽不足以产生测得的线宽。最窄的管路必须具有至少与热分量一样大的湍流分量,并且对于几乎所有管路,湍流分量都是主要的贡献。我们的结果表明,湍流运动一直持续到至少2400 AU的子核心尺度。

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