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Global MHD Simulation of the Inner Accretion Disk in a Pseudo-Newtonian Potential

机译:拟牛顿势内吸积盘的整体MHD模拟

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We present a detailed three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation describing the inner region of a disk accreting onto a black hole. To avoid the technical complications of general relativity, the dynamics are treated in Newtonian fashion using the pseudo-Newtonian Paczyński-Wiita potential. The disk evolves as a result of angular momentum transport that is produced naturally from MHD turbulence generated by the magnetorotational instability. We find that the resulting stress is continuous across the marginally stable orbit, in contradiction to the widely held assumption that the stress should go to zero there. As a consequence, the specific angular momentum of the matter accreted into the hole is smaller than the specific angular momentum at the marginally stable orbit. The disk exhibits large fluctuations in almost every quantity, both spatially and temporally. In particular, the ratio of stress to pressure (the local analog of the Shakura-Sunyaev α parameter) exhibits both systematic gradients and large fluctuations; from ~10-2 in the disk midplane at large radius, it rises to ~10 both at a few gas density scale heights above the plane at large radius and near the midplane well inside the plunging region. Driven in part by large-amplitude waves excited near the marginally stable orbit, both the mass accretion rate and the integrated stress exhibit large fluctuations whose Fourier power spectra are smooth "red" power laws stretching over several orders of magnitude in timescale.
机译:我们介绍了详细的三维磁流体动力学(MHD)模拟,描述了附着到黑洞上的磁盘的内部区域。为避免广义相对论的技术复杂性,使用伪牛顿Paczyński-Wiita势以牛顿方式处理动力学。磁盘是由于磁动不稳定性产生的MHD湍流自然产生的角动量传输而演化而来的。我们发现,在边缘稳定轨道上产生的应力是连续的,这与普遍认为应力应在此处为零的假设相矛盾。结果,渗入孔中的物质的比角动量小于边缘稳定轨道处的比角动量。磁盘在空间和时间上几乎每个量都表现出较大的波动。特别是,应力与压力之比(Shakura-Sunyaevα参数的局部模拟)既显示系统梯度,又显示大波动。从大半径的圆盘中平面的〜10-2开始,在大半径平面上方的几个气体密度标高处以及在急冲区域内的中平面附近,它都上升到〜10。部分受边缘稳定轨道附近激发的大振幅波驱动,质量增加率和积分应力均表现出较大的波动,其傅立叶功率谱是平滑的“红色”功率定律,在时间尺度上延伸了几个数量级。

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