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首页> 外文期刊>The Astrophysical journal >Wind Inhomogeneities in Wolf-Rayet Stars. IV. Using Clumps to Probe the Wind Structure in the WC8 Star HD 192103
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Wind Inhomogeneities in Wolf-Rayet Stars. IV. Using Clumps to Probe the Wind Structure in the WC8 Star HD 192103

机译:Wolf-Rayet星中的风不均匀性。 IV。使用丛集探测WC8 Star HD 192103中的风结构

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We present the most intensive, high-quality spectroscopic monitoring of optical Wolf-Rayet emission lines ever obtained. The Wolf-Rayet star HD 192103 (=WR 135; subtype WC8) was observed in the 5650–5840 ? regime alternately from both the William Herschel Telescope and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. The final data consist of a series of 197 spectra spread over 64 hr, each with a resolving power λ/Δλ 20,000 and a signal-to-noise ratio in the continuum 450 per 3 pixel resolution element. We clearly and unambiguously identify stochastic, structured patterns of intrinsic variability at the 1%–2% level of the line flux in the broad C III λ5696 emission line. The λ5801/12 doublet emission is also found to be variable at the 0.2%–0.5% level of the line flux. We find a correlation between the variability patterns observed in C III and C IV, which suggests a significant overlap in the emission volumes of these transitions, although C IV is known to arise somewhat closer to the star. We attempt to reproduce the observed line profile variation patterns using a simple phenomenological model, which assumes the wind to be fully clumped. With a minimal set of assumptions, we are able to reproduce both the shape and the variability in the C III λ5696 emission profile. We show that the variability pattern provides constraints on the radial extent of WR 135's wind where C III is produced, as well as on the local wind acceleration rate. However, our simple clump model does not reproduce the lower variability in the C IV doublet unless we assume the C IV emission to occur in a much larger volume than C III, implying that significant C IV emission occurs farther out in the wind than C III. We suggest that while some C IV emission might occur farther out, possibly because of reionization from shocks, a more likely explanation is that wind clumping significantly increases with distance from the star, leading to larger variability levels in C III, formed farther out than most of C IV. Alternatively, optical depth effects and/or local ionization gradients within clumps could conspire to attenuate clumping effects in the C IV emission line while enhancing them in the C III line.
机译:我们介绍了迄今为止获得的光学Wolf-Rayet发射线的最密集,高质量的光谱监控。在5650-5840年观察到了Wolf-Rayet星HD 192103(= WR 135;子类型WC8)。威廉·赫歇尔望远镜和加拿大-法国-夏威夷望远镜交替使用。最终数据包括一系列分布在64小时内的197个光谱,每个光谱的分辨力为λ/Δλ20,000,信噪比为每3个像素分辨率元素连续450。我们清楚,明确地确定了C IIIλ5696宽发射线中线通量的1%–2%水平的内在变异性的随机结构化模式。还发现λ5801/ 12双峰发射在线通量的0.2%–0.5%的水平上是可变的。我们发现在C III和C IV中观察到的变异性模式之间存在相关性,这表明这些过渡的发射量存在明显的重叠,尽管已知C IV会稍微靠近恒星。我们尝试使用简单的现象学模型来重现观察到的线轮廓变化模式,该模型假设风被完全团聚。仅需极少的假设,我们就可以再现C IIIλ5696发射曲线的形状和可变性。我们表明,变异性模式对产生C III的WR 135风的径向范围以及局部风速提供了约束。但是,我们简单的团块模型不会重现CIV双重峰的较低变异性,除非我们假定CIV排放的发生量比CIII大得多,这意味着显着的CIV排放在风中比CIII更远地发生。我们建议,虽然某些C IV发射可能发生在更远的地方,可能是由于震动的电离作用所致,但更可能的解释是风团聚随着距恒星距离的增加而显着增加,导致C III的变率水平比大多数恒星形成的更大C IV。备选地,团块内的光学深度效应和/或局部电离梯度可共同削弱C IV发射谱线中的团聚效应,同时增强C III谱线中的团聚效应。

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