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Can Planets Influence the Horizontal Branch Morphology?

机译:行星会影响水平分支形态吗?

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I examine the influence of planets on the location of stars on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram as the stars turn to the horizontal branch. As stars that have planetary systems evolve along the red giant branch and expand, they interact with the close planets, with orbital separations of 5 AU. The planets deposit angular momentum and energy into the red giant stars' envelopes, both of which are likely to enhance mass loss on the red giant branch. The enhanced mass loss causes the star to become bluer as it turns to the horizontal branch. I propose that the presence of planetary systems, through this mechanism, can explain some anomalies in horizontal branch morphologies. In particular, planetary systems may be related to the "second parameter," which determines the distribution of horizontal branch stars on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram. The presence of planets, though, cannot be the only factor that influences the "second parameter." The distribution of planets' properties (e.g., mass, orbital separation, prevalence) in a specific globular cluster depends on several properties of the globular cluster itself (e.g., shape, density). This dependence may explain some of the anomalies and variations in the horizontal branch morphologies between different globular clusters. The proposed scenario predicts that surviving massive planets or brown dwarfs orbit some of the extreme blue horizontal branch stars, at orbital periods of ~10 days.
机译:当恒星转向水平分支时,我检查了赫兹普龙-拉塞尔图中行星对恒星位置的影响。随着具有行星系统的恒星沿着红色巨型分支发展并膨胀,它们与近距离行星相互作用,轨道间隔为5 AU。行星将角动量和能量沉积到红色巨星的信封中,这两者都可能增加红色巨星分支上的质量损失。质量损失的增加会导致恒星转向水平分支时变得更蓝。我认为,通过这种机制,行星系统的存在可以解释水平分支形态中的一些异常现象。特别地,行星系统可能与“第二参数”有关,该“第二参数”确定Hertzsprung-Russel图上水平分支星的分布。但是,行星的存在不能成为影响“第二参数”的唯一因素。特定球状星团中行星的属性(例如质量,轨道间隔,普遍性)的分布取决于球状星团本身的几种属性(例如形状,密度)。这种依赖性可以解释不同球状星团之间水平分支形态的某些异常和变化。拟议的情景预测,幸存的大质量行星或褐矮星会在大约10天的轨道周期内绕过一些极端的蓝色水平分支恒星。

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