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Using Gravitational Lensing to Study H I Clouds at High Redshift

机译:利用引力透镜研究高红移下的H I云

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We investigate the possibility of detecting H I emission from gravitationally lensed H I clouds (akin to damped Lyα clouds) at high redshift by carrying out deep radio observations in the fields of known cluster lenses. These observations will be possible with current radio telescopes only if their lenses substantially magnify the flux of the H I emission. While at present this holds the only possibility of detecting the H I emission from such clouds, it has the disadvantage of being restricted to clouds that lie very close to the caustics of the lens. We find that observations at a detection threshold of 50 μJy at 320 MHz (possible with the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope) have a greater than 20% probability of detecting an H I cloud in the field of a cluster, provided the clouds have H I masses in the range 5 × 108 M☉ M 2.5 × 1010 M☉. The probability of detecting a cloud increases if it has larger H I masses except in cases where the number of H I clouds in the cluster field is very small. The probability of detection at 610 and 233 MHz is comparable to that at 320 MHz, although a definitive statement is difficult owing to uncertainties in the H I content at the redshifts corresponding to these frequencies. Observations at a detection threshold of 2 μJy (possible in the future with the Square Kilometer Array) are expected to detect a few H I clouds in the field of every cluster, provided the clouds have H I masses in the range 2 × 107 M☉ M 109 M☉. Even if such observations do not result in the detection of H I clouds, they will be able to put useful constraints on the H I content of the clouds.
机译:我们研究了通过在已知簇状透镜领域进行深入的无线电观测,以高红移检测引力透镜H I云(类似于潮湿的Lyα云)检测H I发射的可能性。当前的射电望远镜只有在其透镜大大放大了H I发射通量的情况下,这些观察才有可能。虽然目前这是检测来自此类云的H I发射的唯一可能性,但它的缺点是仅限于非常靠近透镜焦散的云。我们发现,在320 MHz的检测阈值为50μJy的情况下(可能通过Giant Meterwave射电望远镜观测到),如果云团中具有HI质量,则在团簇场中检测到HI云的可能性大于20%。范围5×108M☉M 2.5×1010M☉如果具有更大的H I质量,则检测到云的可能性会增加,除非簇场中H I云的数量非常少。尽管由于与这些频率相对应的红移处H I含量的不确定性而使确定性的陈述变得困难,但在610和233 MHz时的检测概率与在320 MHz时的检测概率相当。假设在2μJy的检测阈值下观测(将来可能在平方公里阵列中进行观测),只要每个云团的HI质量范围为2×107M☉M 109,就可以检测到每个簇场中的一些HI云。 M☉。即使这样的观察结果没有导致对H I云的检测,它们也将能够对云的H I含量施加有用的约束。

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