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A Search for Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from the Crab Nebula and Pulsar

机译:从蟹状星云和脉冲星搜寻超高能伽马射线发射

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摘要

We have examined 2.4 × 109 events recorded by the Chicago Air Shower Array-Michigan Muon Array (CASA-MIA) experiment for evidence of ultra-high-energy (100 TeV) neutral particle and gamma-ray emissions from the Crab Nebula and Pulsar between 1990 March 4 and 1995 October 9. No such emissions have been detected. Over this interval, the 90% confidence level integral flux limits for continuous emission above 141 TeV are 2.08 × 10-14 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle (which can produce a detectable air shower) and 9.21 × 10-15 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence of transient emission on timescales of 1 day or longer. The 90% confidence level integral flux limit for emission on a single day is conservatively estimated to be 4.40 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle and 5.09 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. There is no evidence for emission from the pulsar at the radio period on intervals of 1 day or longer. The 2 σ (97.7% confidence) limit on the pulsed flux on the most significant day is 3.29 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, and 8.31 × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 for gamma rays. For an interval of 162 sidereal days beginning 1992 March 1, the pulsed flux limit was 2.39 × 10-13 cm-2 s-1 for any neutral particle with mass less than 21 MeV, again above 141 TeV.
机译:我们检查了芝加哥空气淋浴阵列-密歇根州Muon阵列(CASA-MIA)实验记录的2.4×109事件,以证明超高能(100 TeV)的中性粒子以及来自蟹状星云和脉冲星的γ射线发射之间的证据1990年3月4日和1995年10月9日。未检测到此类排放。在此时间间隔内,对于任何中性粒子(可产生可检测的空气淋雨),连续发射高于141 TeV的90%置信水平积分通量极限分别为2.08×10-14 cm-2 s-1和9.21×10-15 cm伽马射线为-2 s-1。没有证据表明在1天或更长时间的时间尺度上有瞬时排放。保守地估计,对于任何中性粒子,单日发射的90%置信水平积分通量极限分别为4.40×10-12 cm-2 s-1和γ射线为5.09×10-12 cm-2 s-1。没有证据表明在无线电周期每隔1天或更长时间会从脉冲星发出辐射。对于质量小于21 MeV的任何中性粒子,最重要的一天的脉冲通量的2σ(置信度为97.7%)限制为3.29×10-12 cm-2 s-1和8.31×10-12 cm-2 γ射线为s-1。对于从1992年3月1日开始的162个恒星日间隔,质量小于21 MeV且再次高于141 TeV的任何中性粒子的脉冲通量极限为2.39×10-13 cm-2 s-1。
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