The earliest biochemical changes in lymphocyte activation include the accumulation of phosphotyro-sine-containing proteins. This accumulation, catalyzed by specific protein tyrosine kinases, is required for subsequent cell activation. Experimental manipulation of these protein tyrosine kinases results in improved or decreased transit through the activation sequence. Analysis of transgenic animals bearing altered kinase genes permits assembly of a model for signal transduction from the T-cell antigen receptor.
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