Host–pathogen interactions of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: from commensal to pathogen

摘要

NontypeableHaemophilusinfluenzae(NTHi)isacommensalmicrobeoftenisolatedfromtheupperandlowerrespiratorytract.Thisbacterialspeciescancausesinusitis,acuteotitismediainpreschoolchildren,exacerbationsinpatientssufferingfromchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease,aswellasconjunctivitisandbacteremia.SincetheintroductionofavaccineagainstH.influenzaeserotypebinthe1990s,theburdenofH.influenzae‐relatedinfectionshasbeenincreasinglydominatedbyNTHi.UnderstandingtheabilityofNTHitocauseinfectioniscurrentlyanexpandingareaofstudy.NTHiisabletoexertdifferentialbindingtothehosttissuethroughtheuseofabroadrangeofadhesins.NTHisurvivalinthehostismultifaceted,thatis,usingvirulencefactorsinvolvedincomplementresistance,biofilm,modifiedimmunoglobulinresponses,and,finally,formationandutilizationofhostproteinsasasecondarystrategyofincreasingtheadhesiveability...