Crystal structures of a DNA octaplex with I‐motif of G‐quartets and its splitting into two quadruplexes suggest a folding mechanism of eight tandem repeats

摘要

Recent genomic analyses revealed many kinds of tandem repeats of specific sequences. Some of them are related to genetic diseases, but their biological functions and structures are still unknown. Two X‐ray structures of a short DNA fragment d(gcGA[G]₁Agc) show that four base‐intercalated duplexes are assembled to form an octaplex at a low K+ concentration, in which the eight G₅ residues form a stacked double G‐quartet in the central part. At a higher K+ concentration, however, the octaplex is split into just two halves. These structural features suggest a folding process of eight tandem repeats of d(ccGA[G]₄Agg), according to a double Greek‐key motif. Such a packaging of the repeats could facilitate slippage of a certain sequence during DNA replication, to induce increase or decrease of the repeats.