The article presents the results of the analysis of the characteristics of heat exchangers methods for determining their mathematical models. The necessity of the availability of the mathematical model during the synthesis of automatic control systems with desired properties. The method of identification of the thermal control object by the testing control action is proposed. Since technological control objects always be an energy of interaction the energy efficiency criterion applied for automatic formation of the control action. Also the analytical self-adjusting system with a reference model in the form of an integrating link was applied. From the analytical researches it follows that the movement of the system along the optimal trajectory occurs at a constant speed and does not depend on the properties of the control object, and the optimal control depends on the properties of the control object, time, and technological requirements. It is shown that mathematical models of heat exchangers of the first and second orders are determined quite simply. The accuracy of the mathematical model parameters is limited only by the accuracy of the experimental data. The quality of control systems with desired properties, synthesized by experimental, and accurate models are virtually indistinguishable.
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