Ensuring explosion safety of residential buildings

摘要

Explosions of air - and-gas mixtures in residential buildings – incident dangerous and recently extended. Unlike the production explosive buildings residential buildings are not protected by express requirements. In this work the possibility of protection of these buildings by means of a depressurization through the coming-off apertures is analyzed. These apertures can be closed by windows or express light-weight constructions. In work it is shown that fastenings of these designs in an aperture considerably are reduced by effectiveness of opening of apertures as the incipient state of driving of protective designs does not open space for venting of gases. Explosion pressure at the same time grows as in closed volume and until opening can reach critical value and cause destruction of the protecting and load-bearing frames. By the time of opening of an aperture for venting of gases the Safety design already has sufficient speed, and discovery of the area in that case happens quickly and pressure increases slightly. The main pressure boost happens before destruction of fastening of mild designs and at their driving in an aperture when volume can be considered pressure-tight. Calculations show: that designs with the specific surface density ρ_(p)≥30 kg/m2 and depth of seal of ≈0,2 m do not provide protection of residential buildings. The modern windows to double-glazed windows and their fastening are close to these conditions.