Community-acquired Oseltamivir-Resistant Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in Child, Israel

摘要

To the Editor: During the spring of 2009, a pandemic in. uenza A (H1N1) virus emerged and spread globally. Initial testing of the virus found it susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors and resistant to adamantanes (1,2). As of March 5, 2010, only 264 cases of oseltamivir-resistant pandem-ic (H1N1) 2009 infection had been re-ported to the World Health Organiza-tion, but the number of cases has been steadily increasing (2). These viruses were carrying the H275Y mutation, which conferred resistance to oselta-mivir (2). Most of the reported cases were in immunocompromised patients who had prolonged viral shedding or in patients who had received oseltami-vir prophylaxis or treatment (1–4). We describe an otherwise healthy 2-year-old boy with oseltamivir-resistant pan-demic (H1N1) 2009 infection and a traumatic lung contusion, complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). He had not received prior chemoprophylaxis or treatment with oseltamivir