A case report: Rapid improvement of neurological symptoms following antiretroviral therapy in HIV encephalopathy presenting as hydrocephalus

摘要

Background: Neurologic disorders associated with HIV consists of two principal groups. One group is the opportunistic infections, and the other is the primary HIV encephalopathy. The diagnosis is one of exclusion, and neurologic disorders including opportunistic infection of CNS before HIV encephalopathy is diagnosed. We report a rare case of HIV encephalopathy in which evaluation of subacute nonobstructive hydrocephalus, led to the initial diagnosis of HIV-1 infection.