Context. The Planck satellitewas successfully launched on May2009. We havecompleted the pre-launch calibration measurements of the High FrequencyInstrument (HFI) on board Planck and theirprocessing. Aims. We present the results ot the pre-launchcalibration of HFI in which we have multiple objectives. First, wedetermine instrumental parameters that cannot be measured in-flight andpredict parameters that can. Second, we take the opportunity to operateand understand the instrument under a wide range of anticipatedoperating conditions. Finally, we estimate the performance of theinstrument built. Methods. We obtained our pre-launch calibrationresults by characterising the component and subsystems, then bycalibrating the focal plane at IAS (Orsay) in the Saturne simulator,and later from the tests at the satellite level carried out in the CSL(Liège) cryogenic vacuum chamber. We developed models to estimate theinstrument pre-launch parameters when no measurement could beperformed. Results. We reliably measure the Planck-HFIinstrument characteristics and behaviour, and determine the flightnominal setting of all parameters. The expected in-flight performanceexceeds the requirements and is close or superior to the goalspecifications. Key words: cosmic microwave background -space vehicles: instruments - submillimeter: general
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