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A possible signature of terrestrial planet formation in the chemical composition of solar analogs

机译:太阳类似物化学成分中可能存在的地球行星形成特征

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Recent studies have shown that the elemental abundances in the Sunare anomalous when compared to most (about 85%) nearby solar twinstars. Compared to its twins, the Sun exhibits a deficiency ofrefractory elements (those with condensation temperatures K) relative to volatiles (K).This finding is speculated to be a signature of the planet formationthat occurred more efficiently around the Sun compared with themajority of solar twins. Furthermore, within this scenario, it seemsmore likely that the abundance patterns found are specifically relatedto the formation of terrestrial planets. In this work we analyzeabundance results from six large independent stellar abundance surveysto determine whether they confirm or reject this observational finding.We show that the elemental abundances derived for solar analogs inthese six studies are consistent with the trend suggested as a planet formation signature. The same conclusion isreached when those results are averaged heterogeneously. We alsoinvestigate the dependency of the abundances with first ionizationpotential (FIP), which correlates well with .A trend with FIP would suggest a different origin for the abundance patterns found, but we show that the correlation with is statistically more significant. We encourage similar investigationsof metal-rich solar analogs and late F-type dwarf stars, for which thehypothesis of a planet formation signature in the elemental abundancesmakes very specific predictions. Finally, we examine a recent paperthat claims that the abundance patterns of two stars hostingsuper-Earth like planets contradict the planet formation signaturehypothesis. Instead, we find that the chemical compositions of thesetwo stars are fully compatible with our hypothesis.Key words: stars: abundances - Sun: abundances - planetary systems
机译:最近的研究表明,与大多数(约85%)附近的太阳双星相比,苏纳雷异常的元素丰度很高。与它的双胞胎相比,太阳相对于挥发物(K)缺乏耐火元素(冷凝温度为K的那些)的缺乏。这一发现被认为是与大多数太阳双胞胎相比在太阳周围更有效发生的行星形成的标志。 。此外,在这种情况下,发现的丰度模式似乎更可能与地球行星的形成有关。在这项工作中,我们分析了六个大型独立恒星丰度调查的丰度结果,以确定它们是否证实了这一观测结果。我们表明,在这六项研究中,太阳类似物的元素丰度与建议的行星形成趋势一致。当对那些结果进行异质平均时,得出相同的结论。我们还研究了丰度与第一电离势(FIP)的相关性,该电离与第一电离势有很好的相关性.FIP的趋势表明所发现的丰度模式的来源不同,但我们证明与统计相关性更高。我们鼓励对富含金属的太阳类似物和晚期F型矮星进行类似的研究,为此,关于元素丰度中行星形成签名的假设做出了非常具体的预测。最后,我们研究了最近的一篇论文,该论文声称拥有像行星这样的超地球的两颗恒星的丰度模式与行星形成特征假说相矛盾。取而代之的是,我们发现这两个恒星的化学成分与我们的假设完全相容。关键词:恒星:丰度-太阳:丰度-行星系统

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